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The Darul Islam Rebellion was a war waged by the Islamic State of Indonesia, commonly known as the Darul Islam, between 1949 and 1962 that aimed for the establishment of an Islamic state in Indonesia. The rebellion began when Sekarmadji Maridjan Kartosuwirjo, a former freedom fighter who resisted the Dutch during the Indonesian National Revolution, refused to recognize the new Republic of Indonesia. Instead, he proclaimed the establishment of the Islamic State of Indonesia in August 7, 1949. Kartosuwirjo led the Darul Islam into war against the government for 13 years before he was captured by the Indonesian Army in 1962 (he was later executed in 1965). After he was captured, Kartosuwirjo issued orders for his followers to surrender, although there were still some pockets of resistance in Southeast Sulawesi until 1965. ==Background== After the Japanese surrendered in 1945, Sukarno proclaimed the independence of Indonesia on August 17, 1945. While the Japanese soon left the former Dutch East Indies, the Dutch returned to its former colonies in 1946. The Indonesian militias soon waged a war against the Dutch for three years, known as the Indonesian National Revolution. During the revolution, different militia groups fought the Dutch. One of them is known as the Hizbullah and Sabilillah, which was actually part of the Republican army named the Siliwangi Division, based in West Java. It was led by Sekarmadji Maridjan Kartosuwirjo, a radical nationalist who initially supported the Japanese during the three years of occupation. The Linggadjati Agreement was signed by the Dutch and the Republic on March 25, 1947.〔The agreement is named after the mountain village of Linggajati located near the modern city of Cirebon. 〕 The agreement specified that the Republic could control the islands of Java, Sumatra and Madura while the Dutch controlled the other islands; however, the Dutch broke the agreement by launching ''Operation Product'', an operation commenced to invade the Republican's territory. Kartosuwirjo called for a holy war against the Dutch as a jihad. Under the Renville Agreement, which the Republic and the Dutch ratified on January 19, 1948, all Republican troops withdrew and moved from West Java to Central Java (Jogja). According to Kartosuwirjo, this agreement was a failure of Republican diplomatic strategy because it reduced the sovereignty of Indonesian independence. Kartosuwirjo therefore rejected the agreement and ordered his troops to engage in a guerrilla war against the Dutch as a holy war to protect Indonesian independence. The revolution ended on 27 December 1949, after the Dutch–Indonesian Round Table Conference, in which the Dutch officially recognized the Republic of Indonesia. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Darul Islam Rebellion」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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